Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 53

كِتَاب الصُّلْحِ

The Book of Peacemaking

20 hadith · 14 chapters

The chapter divisions

Chapters in this book

11- بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي الإِصْلاَحِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ:(1) Chapter. What has been said regarding (re)conciliation between the people.22- بَابُ لَيْسَ الْكَاذِبُ الَّذِي يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ:(2) Chapter. He who makes peace between the people is not a liar.33- بَابُ قَوْلِ الإِمَامِ لأَصْحَابِهِ اذْهَبُوا بِنَا نُصْلِحُ:(3) Chapter. The The saying of the ruler to his companions, “Let us go to bring about a (re)conciliation (between people)."44- بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {أَنْ يَصَّالَحَا بَيْنَهُمَا صُلْحًا وَالصُّلْحُ خَيْرٌ}:(4) Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “... If they make terms of peace between themselves; and making peace is better …" (V.4:128)55- بَابُ إِذَا اصْطَلَحُوا عَلَى صُلْحِ جَوْرٍ فَالصُّلْحُ مَرْدُودٌ:(5) CHAPTER If some people are (re)conciled on illegal basis, their (re)conciliation is rejected.66- بَابُ كَيْفَ يُكْتَبُ هَذَا مَا صَالَحَ فُلاَنُ بْنُ فُلاَنٍ. وَفُلاَنُ بْنُ فُلاَنٍ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَنْسُبْهُ إِلَى قَبِيلَتِهِ، أَوْ نَسَبِهِ:(6) Chapter. How to write (re)conciliation?77- بَابُ الصُّلْحِ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ:(7) Chapter. To make peace with Al-Mushrikun (polytheists, idolaters, pagans).88- بَابُ الصُّلْحِ فِي الدِّيَةِ:(8) Chapter. Agreement about Diya (blood money).99- بَابُ قَوْلُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِلْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: «ابْنِي هَذَا سَيِّدٌ، وَلَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يُصْلِحَ بِهِ بَيْنَ فِئَتَيْنِ عَظِيمَتَيْنِ»:(9) Chapter. The saying of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) to Al-Hasan bin Ali.1010- بَابُ هَلْ يُشِيرُ الإِمَامُ بِالصُّلْحِ:(10) Chapter. Should the Imam suggest reconciliation?1111- بَابُ فَضْلِ الإِصْلاَحِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَالْعَدْلِ بَيْنَهُمْ:(11) Chapter. The superiority of making peace and establishing justice among the people.1212- بَابُ إِذَا أَشَارَ الإِمَامُ بِالصُّلْحِ فَأَبَى حَكَمَ عَلَيْهِ بِالْحُكْمِ الْبَيِّنِ:(12) Chapter. If the Imam (i.e., ruler) suggests a (re)conciliation but the defendant refuses it, he is to be judged by the evident valid law.1313- بَابُ الصُّلْحِ بَيْنَ الْغُرَمَاءِ وَأَصْحَابِ الْمِيرَاثِ وَالْمُجَازَفَةِ فِي ذَلِكَ:(13) Chapter. Reconciliation between the creditors and between the inheritors and the repayment of debts by giving an amount that is not specified or counted.1414- بَابُ الصُّلْحِ بِالدَّيْنِ وَالْعَيْنِ:(14) Chapter. Bringing about reconciliation in case of dispute concerning debts.

Opening leaves

First narrations

Bukhari · 2690أَنَّ أُنَاسًا مِنْ بَنِي عَمْرِو بْنِ عَوْفٍ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمْ شَيْءٌ ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أُنَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَهُمْ ، فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَلَمْ يَأThere was a dispute amongst the people of the tribe of Bani `Amr bin `Auf. The Prophet (ﷺ) went to them along with some of his companions in order to make peace between them. The time for the prayer became due but the Pr4 narratorsBukhari · 2691قِيلَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : لَوْ أَتَيْتَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ ، فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَكِبَ حِمَارًا ، فَانْطَلَقَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَمْشُونَIt was said to the Prophet (ﷺ) "Would that you see `Abdullah bin Ubai." So, the Prophet (ﷺ) went to him, riding a donkey, and the Muslims accompanied him, walking on salty barren land. When the Prophet (ﷺ) reached `Abdul4 narratorsBukhari · 2692لَيْسَ الْكَذَّابُ الَّذِي يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَيَنْمِي خَيْرًا أَوْ يَقُولُ خَيْرًاThat she heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) saying, "He who makes peace between the people by inventing good information or saying good things, is not a liar."6 narratorsBukhari · 2693حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْأُوَيْسِيُّ ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْفَرْوِيُّ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَاOnce the people of Quba fought with each other till they threw stones on each other. When Allah's Apostle was informed about it, he said, "Let us go to bring about a reconciliation between them."6 narratorsBukhari · 2694هُوَ الرَّجُلُ يَرَى مِنَ امْرَأَتِهِ مَا لَا يُعْجِبُهُ كِبَرًا أَوْ غَيْرَهُ فَيُرِيدُ فِرَاقَهَا ، فَتَقُولُ : أَمْسِكْنِي ، وَاقْسِمْ لِي مَا شِئْتَ ، قَالَتْ : فَلَا بَأْسَ إِذَا تَرَاضَيَاThe following Verse If a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part (i.e. the husband notices something unpleasant about his wife, such as old age or the like, and wants to divorce her, but she asks him to ke5 narratorsBukhari · 2695يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَامَ خَصْمُهُ ، فَقَالَ : صَدَقَ ، اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ : إِنَّ ابْنِي كَانَ عَسِيفًا عَلَى هَذَا فَزَنَى بِامْرَأَتِهِ A bedouin came and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." His opponent got up and said, "He is right. Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." The bedouin said, "My son was a lab6 narratorsBukhari · 2696يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَامَ خَصْمُهُ ، فَقَالَ : صَدَقَ ، اقْضِ بَيْنَنَا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ : إِنَّ ابْنِي كَانَ عَسِيفًا عَلَى هَذَا فَزَنَى بِامْرَأَتِهِ A bedouin came and said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." His opponent got up and said, "He is right. Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." The bedouin said, "My son was a lab6 narratorsBukhari · 2697مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ فَهُوَ رَدٌّAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If somebody innovates something which is not in harmony with the principles of our religion, that thing is rejected."8 narrators·parallel chainBukhari · 2698لَمَّا صَالَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَهْلَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ كَتَبَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ بَيْنَهُمْ كِتَابًا ، فَكَتَبَ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ : لَا تَكْتُبْ مWhen Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) concluded a peace treaty with the people of Hudaibiya, `Ali bin Abu Talib wrote the document and he mentioned in it, "Muhammad, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ." The pagans said, "Don't write 'Muhammad,5 narratorsBukhari · 2699اعْتَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ ، فَأَبَى أَهْلُ مَكَّةَ أَنْ يَدَعُوهُ يَدْخُلُ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى قَاضَاهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ، فَلَمَّا كَتَبُوا الْكِتOn the day of Hudaibiya, the Prophet (ﷺ), the Prophet (ﷺ) made a peace treaty with the Al-Mushrikun on three conditions 1. The Prophet (ﷺ) would return to them any person from Al-Mushrikun (polytheists, idolaters, pagans4 narratorsBukhari · 2701خَرَجَ مُعْتَمِرًا ، فَحَالَ كُفَّارُ قُرَيْشٍ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ ، فَنَحَرَ هَدْيَهُ ، وَحَلَقَ رَأْسَهُ بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ ، وَقَاضَاهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْتَمِرَ الْعَامَ الْمُقْبِلَ ، وَلَا يَحْمِلَ سِلَاحًا عَلAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) set out for the `Umra but the pagans of Quraish prevented him from reaching the Ka`ba. So, he slaughtered his sacrifice and got his head shaved at Al-Hudaibiya, and agreed with them that he would pe5 narratorsBukhari · 2702حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى ، عَنْ بُشَيْرِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ ، قَالَ : انْطَلَقَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَهْلٍ ، وَمُحَيِّصَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودِ بْنِ زَ'Abdullah bin Sahl and Muhaiyisa bin Mas'ud bin Zaid went to Khaibar when it had a peace treaty (with the Muslims).5 narrators