Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 58

كِتَاب الْجِزْيَةِ والموادعہ

The Book of Al-Jizya and The Stoppage of War

33 hadith · 20 chapters

The chapter divisions

Chapters in this book

11- بَابُ الْجِزْيَةِ وَالْمُوَادَعَةِ مَعَ أَهْلِ الْحَرْبِ:(1) Chapter. Al-Jizya (i.e., tax taken from all non-Muslims living under the protection of Islamic state) taken from the Dhimmi, and the stoppage of war for a while with the enemies.22- بَابُ إِذَا وَادَعَ الإِمَامُ مَلِكَ الْقَرْيَةِ هَلْ يَكُونُ ذَلِكَ لِبَقِيَّتِهِمْ؟(2) Chapter. If the Imam concludes a truce with the king of a country, will peace be observed in regard to all the people of that country?33- بَابُ الْوَصَايَا بِأَهْلِ ذِمَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ:(3) Chapter. The advice to take care of non-Muslims who have a covenant of Allah’s Messenger (p.b.u.h).44- بَابُ مَا أَقْطَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ، وَمَا وَعَدَ مِنْ مَالِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ وَالْجِزْيَةِ، وَلِمَنْ يُقْسَمُ الْفَيْءُ وَالْجِزْيَةُ؟(4) Chapter. What grants the Prophet (p.b.u.h) gave from the land of Bahrain, and what he promised to give (some people) from the Bahrain money resources and from Al-Jizya. And to whom should the Fai (i.e., booty gained without fight) and the Jizya be distributed?55- بَابُ إِثْمِ مَنْ قَتَلَ مُعَاهَدًا بِغَيْرِ جُرْمٍ:(5) Chapter. The sin of one who kills an innocent person having a treaty with the Muslims.66- بَابُ إِخْرَاجِ الْيَهُودِ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ:(6) Chapter. The expelling of the Jews from the Arabian Peninsula.77- بَابُ إِذَا غَدَرَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ هَلْ يُعْفَى عَنْهُمْ؟(7) Chapter. If Al-Mushrikun (polytheists, pagans, idolaters, and disblelievers in Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad (p.b.u.h)) prove treacherous to the Muslims, may they be forgiven?88- بَابُ دُعَاءِ الإِمَامِ عَلَى مَنْ نَكَثَ عَهْدًا:(8) Chapter. The invocation of the Imam against those who break their covenant (with the Muslims).99- بَابُ أَمَانِ النِّسَاءِ وَجِوَارِهِنَّ:(9) Chapter. The offering of shelter and peace to someone by women.1010- بَابُ ذِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَجِوَارُهُمْ وَاحِدَةٌ يَسْعَى بِهَا أَدْنَاهُمْ:(10) Chapter. The asylum and protection granted by the Muslims should be respected and observed by all of them, even if it is granted by one of the lowest social status.1112- بَابُ الْمُوَادَعَةِ وَالْمُصَالَحَةِ مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِالْمَالِ وَغَيْرِهِ، وَإِثْمِ مَنْ لَمْ يَفِ بِالْعَهْدِ:(12) Chapter. Making peace with Al-Mushrikun (polytheists, pagans, idolaters, and disbelievers in the Oneness of Allah and in His Messenger Muhammad (p.b.u.h)) and the reconciliation with them by means of money or other means, and the sin of the person who does not fulfil the terms of the treaty.1213- بَابُ فَضْلِ الْوَفَاءِ بِالْعَهْدِ:(13) Chapter. The superiority of fulfilling one’s covenant.1314- بَابُ هَلْ يُعْفَى عَنِ الذِّمِّيِّ إِذَا سَحَرَ:(14) Chapter. If a Dhimmi practises magic, can he be excused?1415- بَابُ مَا يُحْذَرُ مِنَ الْغَدْرِ:(15) Chapter. Caution against treachery.1516- بَابُ كَيْفَ يُنْبَذُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْعَهْدِ:(16) Chapter. How to revoke a covenant.1617- بَابُ إِثْمِ مَنْ عَاهَدَ ثُمَّ غَدَرَ:(17) Chapter. The sin of a person who makes a covenant and then proves treacherous.1718- بَابٌ:(18) Chapter:1819- بَابُ الْمُصَالَحَةِ عَلَى ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ، أَوْ وَقْتٍ مَعْلُومٍ:(19) Chapter. It is permissible to conclude a peace treaty of three days or any other fixed period.1921- بَابُ طَرْحِ جِيَفِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فِي الْبِئْرِ وَلاَ يُؤْخَذُ لَهُمْ ثَمَنٌ:(21) Chapter. The throwing of the dead bodies of Al-Mushrikun in a well, and no price should be accepted for such dead bodies (in case their families want to take them).2022- بَابُ إِثْمِ الْغَادِرِ لِلْبَرِّ وَالْفَاجِرِ:(22) Chapter. The sin of a betrayer (treacherous and perfidious person) whether he betrays a good or bad person.

Opening leaves

First narrations

Bukhari · 3156حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عَمْرًا ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ جَالِسًا مَعَ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ أَوْسٍ ، فَحَدَّثَهُمَا بَجَالَةُ سَنَةَ سَبْعِينَ عَامَ Narrated `Amr bin Dinar: I was sitting with Jabir bin Zaid and `Amr bin Aus, and Bjalla was narrating to them in 70 A.H. the year when Mus`ab bin Az-Zubair was the leader of the pilgrims of Basra. We were sitting at the 5 narratorsBukhari · 3158أَظُنُّكُمْ قَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ أَنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ قَدْ جَاءَ بِشَيْءٍ ، قَالُوا : أَجَلْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : فَأَبْشِرُوا وَأَمِّلُوا مَا يَسُرُّكُمْ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا الْفَقْرَ أَخْشَى عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَلَكِنْ أَخ(who was an ally of Bam `Amr bin Lu'ai and one of those who had taken part in (the Ghazwa of) Badr) Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarreh to Bahrain to collect the Jizya. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had establis6 narratorsBukhari · 3159نَعَمْ مَثَلُهَا وَمَثَلُ مَنْ فِيهَا مِنَ النَّاسِ مِنْ عَدُوِّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مَثَلُ طَائِرٍ لَهُ رَأْسٌ وَلَهُ جَنَاحَانِ وَلَهُ رِجْلَانِ ، فَإِنْ كُسِرَ أَحَدُ الْجَنَاحَيْنِ نَهَضَتِ الرِّجْلَانِ بِجَنَاحٍ وَالرَّأ`Umar sent the Muslims to the great countries to fight the pagans. When Al-Hurmuzan embraced Islam, `Umar said to him. "I would like to consult you regarding these countries which I intend to invade." Al-Hurmuzan said, "8 narratorsBukhari · 3160فَقَالَ النُّعْمَانُ : رُبَّمَا أَشْهَدَكَ اللَّهُ مِثْلَهَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَلَمْ يُنَدِّمْكَ وَلَمْ يُخْزِكَ وَلَكِنِّي شَهِدْتُ الْقِتَالَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَي`Umar sent the Muslims to the great countries to fight the pagans. When Al-Hurmuzan embraced Islam, `Umar said to him. "I would like to consult you regarding these countries which I intend to invade." Al-Hurmuzan said, "1 narratorsBukhari · 3161غَزَوْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَبُوكَ وَأَهْدَى مَلِكُ أَيْلَةَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَغْلَةً بَيْضَاءَ ، وَكَسَاهُ بُرْدًا ، وَكَتَبَ لَهُ بِبَحْرِهِمْWe accompanied the Prophet (ﷺ) in the Ghazwa of Tabuk and the king of 'Aila presented a white mule and a cloak as a gift to the Prophet. And the Prophet (ﷺ) wrote to him a peace treaty allowing him to keep authority over5 narratorsBukhari · 3162قُلْنَا أَوْصِنَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، قَالَ : أُوصِيكُمْ بِذِمَّةِ اللَّهِ فَإِنَّهُ ذِمَّةُ نَبِيِّكُمْ ، وَرِزْقُ عِيَالِكُمْWe said to `Umar bin Al-Khattab, Jo Chief of the believers! Advise us." He said, "I advise you to fulfill Allah's Convention (made with the Dhimmis) as it is the convention of your Prophet and the source of the livelihoo5 narratorsBukhari · 3163ذَاكَ لَهُمْ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ يَقُولُونَ لَهُ ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً ، فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي عَلَى الْحَوْضِOnce the Prophet (ﷺ) called the Ansar in order to grant them part of the land of Bahrain. On that they said, "No! By Allah, we will not accept it unless you grant a similar thing to our Quarries brothers as well." He sai4 narratorsBukhari · 3164لَوْ قَدْ جَاءَنَا مَالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ قَدْ أَعْطَيْتُكَ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا ، فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَجَاءَ مَالُ الْبَحْرَيْنِ ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : مَنْ كَانَتْ لَهAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) once said to me, "If the revenue of Bahrain came, I would give you this much and this much." When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had died, the revenue of Bahrain came, and Abu Bakr announced, " Let whoever w5 narratorsBukhari · 3165وَقَالَ : إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ طَهْمَانَ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ صُهَيْبٍ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِمَالٍ مِنْ الْبَحْرَيْنِ ، فَقَالَ : انْثُرُوهُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَكَاAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) once said to me, "If the revenue of Bahrain came, I would give you this much and this much." When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had died, the revenue of Bahrain came, and Abu Bakr announced, " Let whoever w3 narratorsBukhari · 3166مَنْ قَتَلَ مُعَاهَدًا لَمْ يَرِحْ رَائِحَةَ الْجَنَّةِ ، وَإِنَّ رِيحَهَا تُوجَدُ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ أَرْبَعِينَ عَامًاThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Whoever killed a person having a treaty with the Muslims, shall not smell the smell of Paradise though its smell is perceived from a distance of forty years."5 narratorsBukhari · 3167حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي سَعِيدٌ الْمَقْبُرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ While we were in the Mosque, the Prophet (ﷺ) came out and said, "Let us go to the Jews" We went out till we reached Bait-ul-Midras. He said to them, "If you embrace Islam, you will be safe. You should know that the earth5 narratorsBukhari · 3168حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ الْأَحْوَلِ ، سَمِعَ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ ، سَمِعَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا ، يَقُولُ وَمَا يَوْمُ الْخَthat he heard Ibn `Abbas saying, "Thursday! And you know not what Thursday is? After that Ibn `Abbas wept till the stones on the ground were soaked with his tears. On that I asked Ibn `Abbas, "What is (about) Thursday?" 5 narrators