Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 83

كتاب الْأَيْمَانِ وَالنُّذُورِ

The Book of Oaths and Vows

82 hadith · 32 chapters

The chapter divisions

Chapters in this book

11- بَابُ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {لاَ يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يُؤَاخِذُكُمْ بِمَا عَقَّدْتُمُ الأَيْمَانَ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ إِطْعَامُ عَشَرَةِ مَسَاكِينَ مِنْ أَوْسَطِ مَا تُطْعِمُونَ أَهْلِيكُمْ أَوْ كِسْوَتُهُمْ أَوْ تَحْرِيرُ رَقَبَةٍ فَمَنْ لَمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ ذَلِكَ كَفَّارَةُ أَيْمَانِكُمْ إِذَا حَلَفْتُمْ وَاحْفَظُوا أَيْمَانَكُمْ كَذَلِكَ يُبَيِّنُ اللَّهُ لَكُمْ آيَاتِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ}:(1) Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths, but He will punish you for your deliberate oaths; for its expiation (a deliberate oath) feed ten poor persons, on a scale of the average of that with which you feed your own families; or clothe them; or manumit a slave. But whosoever cannot afford (that), then he should fast for three days. That is the expiation for the oath when you have sworn. And protect your oaths (i.e., do not swear much). Thus Allah make clear to you His Ayat (proofs, evidances, verses, lessons, signs, revelations, etc.) that you may be grateful." (V.5:89)22- بَابُ قَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «وَايْمُ اللَّهِ»:(2) Chapter. The statement of the Prophet: "Wa aimullah (i.e., ’By Allah!’)."33- بَابُ كَيْفَ كَانَتْ يَمِينُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ؟(3) Chapter. How did the oaths of the Prophet use to be?44- بَابُ لاَ تَحْلِفُوا بِآبَائِكُمْ:(4) Chapter. “Do not swear by your fathers."55- بَابُ لاَ يُحْلَفُ بِاللاَّتِ وَالْعُزَّى وَلاَ بِالطَّوَاغِيتِ:(5) Chapter. One should not swear by Al-Lat and Al-Uzza (idols which used to be worshipped in the Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance in Hijaz) or by any kind of false deities.66- بَابُ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى الشَّيْءِ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُحَلَّفْ:(6) Chapter. The one who gives an oath regarding something although he has not been asked to give an oath.77- بَابُ مَنْ حَلَفَ بِمِلَّةٍ سِوَى مِلَّةِ الإِسْلاَمِ:(7) Chapter. Whoever swears by a religion other than Islam.89- بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {وَأَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ}:(9) Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “They swear by Allah their strongest oaths that..." (V.24:53)910- بَابُ إِذَا قَالَ أَشْهَدُ بِاللَّهِ، أَوْ شَهِدْتُ بِاللَّهِ:(10) Chapter. If one says: “I bear witness swearing by Allah” or "I have borne witness swearing by Allah."1011- بَابُ عَهْدِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ:(11) Chapter. (What is said regarding) The Covenant of Allah.1112- بَابُ الْحَلِفِ بِعِزَّةِ اللَّهِ وَصِفَاتِهِ وَكَلِمَاتِهِ:(12) Chapter. To swear by Allah’s Izza (Power and Honour) His Qualities, and His Speech.1213- بَابُ قَوْلِ الرَّجُلِ لَعَمْرُ اللَّهِ:(13) Chapter.The saying of a person, “La ‘amrullah."[By the Eternity of Allah].1314- بَابُ: {لاَ يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَانِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ يُؤَاخِذُكُمْ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ وَاللَّهُ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ}:(14) Chapter.(The Holy Verse) “Allah will not call you to account for that which is unintentional in your oaths...”1415- بَابُ إِذَا حَنِثَ نَاسِيًا فِي الأَيْمَانِ:(15) Chapter. If someone does something against his oath due to forgetfulness.1516- بَابُ الْيَمِينِ الْغَمُوسِ:(16) Chapter. Al-Ghamus oath.1617- بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً أُولَئِكَ لاَ خَلاَقَ لَهُمْ فِي الآخِرَةِ وَلاَ يُكَلِّمُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَلاَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلاَ يُزَكِّيهِمْ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ}:(17) Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “Verily, those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah’s Covenant and their oaths..." (V.3:77) And also the Statement of Allah: "And purchase not a small gain at the cost of Allah’s Covenant. Verily! What is with Allah is better for you if you did but know." (V.16:95) And fulfil the Convenant of Allah (Baia: pledge for Islam) when you have convenanted, and break not the oaths after you have confirmed them - and indeed you have appointed Allah your surety..." (V.16:91)1718- بَابُ الْيَمِينِ فِيمَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ، وَفِي الْمَعْصِيَةِ، وَفِي الْغَضَبِ:(18) Chapter. To swear (to do or not to do) something which is not in one‘s power (to do or not); and to swear to do an act of disobedience or to take an oath in a state of anger.1819- بَابُ إِذَا قَالَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَتَكَلَّمُ الْيَوْمَ. فَصَلَّى أَوْ قَرَأَ أَوْ سَبَّحَ أَوْ كَبَّرَ أَوْ حَمِدَ أَوْ هَلَّلَ، فَهْوَ عَلَى نِيَّتِهِ:(19) Chapter. If one says: “By Allah! I will not speak today,” and then offers Salat (prayer) or recites the Quran or says, Subhan Allah or Al-Hamdu lillah or La ilaha illallah, he will be (judge by Allah) according to his intentions.1920- بَابُ مَنْ حَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يَدْخُلَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ شَهْرًا، وَكَانَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ:(20) Chapter. Whoever took an oath that he would not enter upon his wife for one month and that month was of twenty-nine days.2021- بَابُ إِنْ حَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يَشْرَبَ نَبِيذًا فَشَرِبَ طِلاَءً أَوْ سَكَرًا أَوْ عَصِيرًا، لَمْ يَحْنَثْ فِي قَوْلِ بَعْضِ النَّاسِ، وَلَيْسَتْ هَذِهِ بِأَنْبِذَةٍ عِنْدَهُ:(21) Chapter. If somebody takes an oath not to drink Nabidh (infusion of dates) and then he drinks Tila or Sakar or juice (syrup) then, in the opinion of some people, he is not regarded as having broken his oath, if, to him, such drinks are not regarded as Nabidh.2122- بَابُ إِذَا حَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يَأْتَدِمَ، فَأَكَلَ تَمْرًا بِخُبْزٍ، وَمَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الأُدْمِ:(22) Chapter. If someone takes an oath that he will not eat Udm (cooked food-dish, meat, etc.) and then he eats dates with bread, (will his oath be regarded as dissolved?) And what sort of food is to be considered as Udm (cooked food-dish etc.)2223- بَابُ النِّيَّةِ فِي الأَيْمَانِ:(23) Chapter. The intention in taking oaths.2324- بَابُ إِذَا أَهْدَى مَالَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ النَّذْرِ وَالتَّوْبَةِ:(24) Chapter. If a person gives his property in charity because of a vow and as an expiation for sins (in repetance).2425- بَابُ إِذَا حَرَّمَ طَعَامَهُ:(25) Chapter. If someone makes some food unlawful for himself.2526- بَابُ الْوَفَاءِ بِالنَّذْرِ:(26) Chapter. To fulfil one‘s vow. And the Statement of Allah: " They (are those who) fulfil (their) vows..." (V.76:7)2627- بَابُ إِثْمِ مَنْ لاَ يَفِي بِالنَّذْرِ:(27) Chapter. The sin of him who does not fulfil his vow.2728- بَابُ النَّذْرِ فِي الطَّاعَةِ:(28) Chapter. To vow for to be obedient to Allah. And the Statement of Alllah: "And whatever you spend for spendings (e.g. Sadaqa - charity, etc. for Allah’s Cause) or whatever vow you make..." (V.2:270)2829- بَابُ إِذَا نَذَرَ أَوْ حَلَفَ أَنْ لاَ يُكَلِّمَ إِنْسَانًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ:(29) Chapter. If somebody vowed or took an oath that he would not speak to anybody, during the Pre-Islamic Period of Ignorance, and then he embraces Islam (should he fulfil his vow)?2930- بَابُ مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ نَذْرٌ:(30) Chapter. If somebody dies without fulfiling a vow (may somebody else fulfil it on his behalf)?3031- بَابُ النَّذْرِ فِيمَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ وَفِي مَعْصِيَةٍ:(31) Chapter. To vow for something which one does not possess, and to vow for something sinful.3132- بَابُ مَنْ نَذَرَ أَنْ يَصُومَ أَيَّامًا فَوَافَقَ النَّحْرَ أَوِ الْفِطْرَ:(32) Chapter. If somebody has vowed that he will observe Saum (fast) for a few successive days and then those days appear to coincide with Eid-ul-Adha or Eid-ul-Fitr (should he observe fast then or make expiation, or observe fast on other days)?3233- بَابُ هَلْ يَدْخُلُ فِي الأَيْمَانِ وَالنُّذُورِ الأَرْضُ وَالْغَنَمُ وَالزُّرُوعُ وَالأَمْتِعَةُ:(33) Chapter. Can the land, sheep, farms and one‘s belongings be included in one’s vows and oaths?

Opening leaves

First narrations

Bukhari · 6622يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ ، لَا تَسْأَلِ الْإِمَارَةَ ، فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ أُوتِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُكِلْتَ إِلَيْهَا ، وَإِنْ أُوتِيتَهَا مِنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَا ، وَإِذَا حَلَفْتَ عَلَى يَمThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "O 'Abdur-Rahman bin Samura! Do not seek to be a ruler, because if you are given authority for it, then you will be held responsible for it, but if you are given it without asking for it, then you w4 narratorsBukhari · 6623وَاللَّهِ لَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ ، وَمَا عِنْدِي مَا أَحْمِلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِI went to the Prophet (ﷺ) along with a group of Al-Ash`ariyin in order to request him to provide us with mounts. He said, "By Allah, I will not provide you with mounts and I haven't got anything to mount you on." Then we5 narratorsBukhari · 6624نَحْنُ الْآخِرُونَ السَّابِقُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ"By Allah, if anyone of you insists on fulfilling an oath by which he may harm his family, he commits a greater sin in Allah's sight than that of dissolving his oath and making expiation for it."5 narratorsBukhari · 6626مَنِ اسْتَلَجَّ فِي أَهْلِهِ بِيَمِينٍ ، فَهُوَ أَعْظَمُ إِثْمًا لِيَبَرَّ ، يَعْنِي : الْكَفَّارَةَAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Anyone who takes an oath through which his family may be harmed, and insists on keeping it, he surely commits a sin greater (than that of dissolving his oath). He should rather compensate for6 narratorsBukhari · 6627إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَطْعَنُونَ فِي إِمْرَتِهِ ، فَقَدْ كُنْتُمْ تَطْعَنُونَ فِي إِمْرَةِ أَبِيهِ مِنْ قَبْلُ ، وَايْمُ اللَّهِ ، إِنْ كَانَ لَخَلِيقًا لِلْإِمَارَةِ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَمِنْ أَحَبِّ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ ، وَإِنَّ هَذAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent an army detachment and made Usama bin Zaid its commander. Some people criticized (spoke badly of) Usama's leadership. So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) got up saying, "If you people are criticizing Usam4 narratorsBukhari · 6628حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : كَانَتْ يَمِينُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَا وَمُقَلِّبِ The oath of the Prophet (ﷺ) used to be "No, by Him who turns the hearts."5 narratorsBukhari · 6629إِذَا هَلَكَ قَيْصَرُ ، فَلَا قَيْصَرَ بَعْدَهُ ، وَإِذَا هَلَكَ كِسْرَى ، فَلَا كِسْرَى بَعْدَهُ ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَتُنْفَقَنَّ كُنُوزُهُمَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If Caesar is ruined, there will be no Caesar after him; and if Khosrau is ruined, there will be no Khosrau, after him; and, by Him in Whose Hand my soul is, surely you will spend their treasures in4 narratorsBukhari · 6630إِذَا هَلَكَ كِسْرَى ، فَلَا كِسْرَى بَعْدَهُ ، وَإِذَا هَلَكَ قَيْصَرُ ، فَلَا قَيْصَرَ بَعْدَهُ ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ ، لَتُنْفَقَنَّ كُنُوزُهُمَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "If Khosrau is ruined, there will be no Khosrau after him; and if Caesar is ruined, there will be no Caesar after him. By Him in Whose Hand Muhammad's soul is, surely you will spend their trea5 narratorsBukhari · 6631يَا أُمَّةَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، وَاللَّهِ لَوْ تَعْلَمُونَ مَا أَعْلَمُ ، لَبَكَيْتُمْ كَثِيرًا ، وَلَضَحِكْتُمْ قَلِيلًاThe Prophet (ﷺ) said, "O followers of Muhammad! By Allah, if you knew what I know, you would weep much and laugh little."5 narratorsBukhari · 6632لَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، حَتَّى أَكُونَ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ نَفْسِكَWe were with the Prophet (ﷺ) and he was holding the hand of `Umar bin Al-Khattab. `Umar said to Him, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! You are dearer to me than everything except my own self." The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "No, by Him i5 narratorsBukhari · 6633أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَأَقْضِيَنَّ بَيْنَكُمَا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، أَمَّا غَنَمُكَ وَجَارِيَتُكَ فَرَدٌّ عَلَيْكَ ، وَجَلَدَ ابْنَهُ مِائَةً وَغَرَّبَهُ عَامًا ، وَأُمِرَ أُنَيْسٌ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ ، أَنْ يَأْTwo men had a dispute in the presence of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). One of them said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." The other who was wiser, said, "Yes, O Allah's Apostle! Judge betwe6 narratorsBukhari · 6634أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَأَقْضِيَنَّ بَيْنَكُمَا بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ، أَمَّا غَنَمُكَ وَجَارِيَتُكَ فَرَدٌّ عَلَيْكَ ، وَجَلَدَ ابْنَهُ مِائَةً وَغَرَّبَهُ عَامًا ، وَأُمِرَ أُنَيْسٌ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ ، أَنْ يَأْTwo men had a dispute in the presence of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). One of them said, "O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! Judge between us according to Allah's Laws." The other who was wiser, said, "Yes, O Allah's Apostle! Judge betwe6 narrators