Sunan Abi Dawud · Book 20

كِتَاب الْخَرَاجِ وَالْإِمَارَةِ وَالْفَيْءِ

Tribute, Spoils, and Rulership (Kitab Al-Kharaj, Wal-Fai Wal-Imarah)

158 hadith · 40 chapters

The chapter divisions

Chapters in this book

1باب مَا يَلْزَمُ الإِمَامَ مِنْ حَقِّ الرَّعِيَّةِChapter: What Is Required Upon The Imam In The Case Of Those Under Him.2باب مَا جَاءَ فِي طَلَبِ الإِمَارَةِChapter: What Has Been Related About Seeking A Position Of Leadership.3باب فِي الضَّرِيرِ يُوَلَّىChapter: Regarding A Blind Man Being Given A Position Of Leadership.4باب فِي اتِّخَاذِ الْوَزِيرِChapter: Regarding Appointing A Minister.5باب فِي الْعِرَافَةِChapter: Regarding Al-’Arafah.6باب فِي اتِّخَاذِ الْكَاتِبِChapter: Regarding Appointing A Secretary (Katib).7باب فِي السِّعَايَةِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِChapter: On Collecting Charity.8باب فِي الْخَلِيفَةِ يَسْتَخْلِفُChapter: Regarding The Appointment Of The Khalifah.9باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الْبَيْعَةِChapter: What Has Been Related About The Bai’ah (Pledge of Allegiance).10باب فِي أَرْزَاقِ الْعُمَّالِChapter: Regarding Granting Provision To (Government) Employees.11باب فِي هَدَايَا الْعُمَّالِChapter: Regarding Gifts For An Employee (In Government).12باب فِي غُلُولِ الصَّدَقَةِChapter: Ghulul In Charity.13باب فِيمَا يَلْزَمُ الإِمَامَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الرَّعِيَّةِ وَالْحَجَبَةِ عَنْهُChapter: Regarding Matters Of Those Who Are Under Imam, His Duties, And Him Secluding Himself From Them.14باب فِي قَسْمِ الْفَىْءِChapter: Regarding Dividing The Fai’.15باب فِي أَرْزَاقِ الذُّرِّيَّةِChapter: Regarding Providing For Offspring.16باب مَتَى يُفْرَضُ لِلرَّجُلِ فِي الْمُقَاتِلَةِChapter: The Age Upon Which A Man Is Entitled (To A Share) Due To Fighting.17باب فِي كَرَاهِيَةِ الاِفْتِرَاضِ فِي آخِرِ الزَّمَانِChapter: The Disapproval of Taking Share In Later Times.18باب فِي تَدْوِينِ الْعَطَاءِChapter: Registering The Names Of Those Who Are Given Something.19باب فِي صَفَايَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنَ الأَمْوَالِChapter: Regarding Allocating A Special Portion For The Messenger Of Allah (saws) From Wealth.20باب فِي بَيَانِ مَوَاضِعِ قَسْمِ الْخُمُسِ وَسَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىChapter: The Division Of The Khumus And The Share Of His Relatives.21باب مَا جَاءَ فِي سَهْمِ الصَّفِيِّChapter: The Special Portion (As-Safi) Of The Prophet (saws) That Was taken From The Spoils Of War.22باب كَيْفَ كَانَ إِخْرَاجُ الْيَهُودِ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِChapter: How Were The Jews Expelled From Al-Madinah?23باب فِي خَبَرِ النَّضِيرِChapter: Regarding The Incidents With An-Nadir.24باب مَا جَاءَ فِي حُكْمِ أَرْضِ خَيْبَرَChapter: What Has Been Related About The Ruling On The Land Of Khaibar.25باب مَا جَاءَ فِي خَبَرِ مَكَّةَChapter: The Conquest Of Makkah.26باب مَا جَاءَ فِي خَبَرِ الطَّائِفِChapter: The Conquest Of At-Ta’if.27باب مَا جَاءَ فِي حُكْمِ أَرْضِ الْيَمَنِChapter: The Ruling On The Land Of Yemen.28باب فِي إِخْرَاجِ الْيَهُودِ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِChapter: The Expulsion Of The Jews From Arabia.29باب فِي إِيقَافِ أَرْضِ السَّوَادِ وَأَرْضِ الْعَنْوَةِChapter: Making Endowments Of The Lands Of As-Sawad, And The Lands That Were Conquered By Force.30باب فِي أَخْذِ الْجِزْيَةِChapter: Regarding Levying The Jizyah.31باب فِي أَخْذِ الْجِزْيَةِ مِنَ الْمَجُوسِChapter: Levying Jizyah On The Zoroastrians.32باب فِي التَّشْدِيدِ فِي جِبَايَةِ الْجِزْيَةِChapter: Harshness In Takin Jizyah.33باب فِي تَعْشِيرِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ إِذَا اخْتَلَفُوا بِالتِّجَارَاتِChapter: Levying The ’Ushur On Ahl Adh-Dhimmah If They Deal In Trade.34باب فِي الذِّمِّيِّ يُسْلِمُ فِي بَعْضِ السَّنَةِ هَلْ عَلَيْهِ جِزْيَةٌChapter: If A Dhimmi Becomes Muslim During Part Of The Year, Does He Have To Pay Jizyah?35باب فِي الإِمَامِ يَقْبَلُ هَدَايَا الْمُشْرِكِينَChapter: Regarding The Imam Accepting Gifts From Idolaters.36باب فِي إِقْطَاعِ الأَرَضِينَChapter: Allocation Of Land.37باب فِي إِحْيَاءِ الْمَوَاتِChapter: Reviving Dead Land.38باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الدُّخُولِ فِي أَرْضِ الْخَرَاجِChapter: What Has Been Related About Entering Kharaj Lands.39باب فِي الأَرْضِ يَحْمِيهَا الإِمَامُ أَوِ الرَّجُلُChapter: Land Protected By A Ruler Or By A Man.40باب مَا جَاءَ فِي الرِّكَازِ وَمَا فِيهِChapter: Ar-Rikaz (Buried Treasure) And The Levy Due On It.

Opening leaves

First narrations

Abu Dawud · 2928أَلَا كُلُّكُمْ رَاعٍ وَكُلُّكُمْ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ ، فَالأَمِيرُ الَّذِي عَلَى النَّاسِ رَاعٍ عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ ، وَالرَّجُلُ رَاعٍ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ مَسْئُولٌ عَنْهُمْ ، وَالْمَرْNarrated Abdullah bin Umar: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Each of you is a shepherd and each of you is responsible for his flock. The amir (ruler) who is over the people is a shepherd and is responsible for hs floc4 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2929يَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ سَمُرَةَ لَا تَسْأَلِ الإِمَارَةَ فَإِنَّكَ إِذَا أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ وُكِلْتَ فِيهَا إِلَى نَفْسِكَ وَإِنْ أُعْطِيتَهَا عَنْ غَيْرِ مَسْأَلَةٍ أُعِنْتَ عَلَيْهَاNarrated Abdur-Rahman bin Samurah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me: Abdul al-Rahman bin Samurah, do not ask for the position of commander, for if you are given it after asking you will be left to discharge it yoursel6 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2930حَدَّثَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ بَقِيَّةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيل بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ أَخِيهِ ، عَنْ بِشْرِ بْنِ قُرَّةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي بُرْدَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي مُوسَى ، قَالَ : انْطَلَNarrated Abu Musa: I went along with two men to see the Prophet ﷺ. One of them recited tashahhud and said: We have come to you so that you may employ us for your work. The other also said the same thing. He (the Prophet)7 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2931حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْمُخَرَّمِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عِمْرَانُ الْقَطَّانُ ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ ، أَنّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهNarrated Anas: The Prophet ﷺ appointed Ubn Umm Makthum as a governor of Madina (in his absence) twice.5 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2932إِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِالأَمِيرِ خَيْرًا جَعَلَ لَهُ وَزِيرَ صِدْقٍ إِنْ نَسِيَ ذَكَّرَهُ ، وَإِنْ ذَكَرَ أَعَانَهُ وَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ جَعَلَ لَهُ وَزِيرَ سُوءٍ إِنْ نَسِيَ لَمْ يُذَكِّرْهُ وَإِنNarrated Aishah, Ummul Muminin: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When Allah has a good purpose for a ruler, He appoints for him a sincere minister who reminds him if he forgets and helps him if he remembers; but when Allah6 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2933لَهُ أَفْلَحْتَ يَا قُدَيْمُ إِنْ مُتَّ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ أَمِيرًا وَلَا كَاتِبًا وَلَا عَرِيفًاNarrated Al-Miqdam ibn Madikarib: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ struck him on his shoulders and then said: You will attain success, Qudaym, if you die without having been a ruler, a secretary, or a chief.6 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2934وَعَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى أَبِيكَ السَّلَامُ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ أَبِي جَعَلَ لِقَوْمِهِ مِائَةً مِنَ الإِبِلِ عَلَى أَنْ يُسْلِمُوا فَأَسْلَمُوا وَحَسُنَ إِسْلَامُهُمْ ، ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرْتَجِعَهَا مِنْهُمْ أَفَهُوَ أَحَNarrated Ghalib al-Qattan: Ghalib quoted a man who stated on the authority of his father that his grandfather reported: They lived at one of the springs. When Islam reached them, the master of the spring offered his peop6 narrators·parallel chainAbu Dawud · 2935حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا نُوحُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ كَعْبٍ ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : السِّجِلُّ كَاتِبٌ كَانَ لِلنNarrated Ibn Abbas: The Prophet ﷺ has a secretary named Sijill.6 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2936الْعَامِلُ عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ بِالْحَقِّ كَالْغَازِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِNarrated Rafi ibn Khadij: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: The official who collects sadaqah (zakat) in a just manner is like him who fights in Allah's path till he returns home.6 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2937لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ صَاحِبُ مَكْسٍNarrated Uqbah ibn Amir: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: One who wrongfully takes an extra tax (sahib maks) will not enter Paradise.6 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2938حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْقَطَّانُ ، عَنْ ابْنِ مَغْرَاءَ ، عَنْ ابْنِ إِسْحَاق ، قَالَ : الَّذِي يَعْشُرُ النَّاسَ يَعْنِي صَاحِبَ الْمَكْسِ . Narrated Ibn Ishaq: Sahib maks means one who (receives) tithes (from) people.3 narratorsAbu Dawud · 2939حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ ، وَسَلَمَةُ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ عُمَرُ Narrated Ibn Umar: Umar said: I shall not appoint a successor, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not appoint a successor. If I appoint a successor (I can do so), for Abu Bakr had appointed a successor. He Ibn Umar) said: 8 narrators