Sahih al-Bukhari · Book 52

كِتَاب الشَّهَادَاتِ

The Book of Witnesses

53 hadith · 29 chapters

The chapter divisions

Chapters in this book

12- بَابُ إِذَا عَدَّلَ رَجُلٌ أَحَدًا فَقَالَ لاَ نَعْلَمُ إِلاَّ خَيْرًا. أَوْ قَالَ مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلاَّ خَيْرًا:(2) Chapter. If a person attests the honourable record of a witness by saying, "I do not know except good about him."23- بَابُ شَهَادَةِ الْمُخْتَبِي:(3) Chapter. The witness of an eavesdropper.34- بَابُ إِذَا شَهِدَ شَاهِدٌ أَوْ شُهُودٌ بِشَيْءٍ فَقَالَ آخَرُونَ مَا عَلِمْنَا ذَلِكَ. يُحْكَمُ بِقَوْلِ مَنْ شَهِدَ:(4) Chapter. When a witness or witnesses give an evidence.45- بَابُ الشُّهَدَاءِ الْعُدُولِ:(5) Chapter. The just witnesses.56- بَابُ تَعْدِيلِ كَمْ يَجُوزُ؟(6) Chapter. How many witnesses are sufficient to attest one’s good or bad record?67- بَابُ الشَّهَادَةِ عَلَى الأَنْسَابِ وَالرَّضَاعِ الْمُسْتَفِيضِ وَالْمَوْتِ الْقَدِيمِ:(7) Chapter. To give witness concerning lineage, foster suckling relations and dead persons, who died long before.78- بَابُ شَهَادَةِ الْقَاذِفِ وَالسَّارِقِ وَالزَّانِي:(8) Chapter. The witness of a person falsely accusing somebody of illegal sexual intercourse and the witness of a thief or an adulterer.89- بَابُ لاَ يَشْهَدُ عَلَى شَهَادَةِ جَوْرٍ إِذَا أُشْهِدَ:(9) Chapter. Do not be a witness for injustice, if asked for that.910- بَابُ مَا قِيلَ فِي شَهَادَةِ الزُّورِ:(10) Chapter. What has been said about false witness.1011- بَابُ شَهَادَةِ الأَعْمَى، وَأَمْرِهِ وَنِكَاحِهِ وَإِنْكَاحِهِ وَمُبَايَعَتِهِ وَقَبُولِهِ فِي التَّأْذِينِ وَغَيْرِهِ، وَمَا يُعْرَفُ بِالأَصْوَاتِ:(11) Chapter. The witness of a blind man, his marriage, his affairs, the marriage conducted by him, and his buying and selling; and accepting his call for the Salat (prayer), etc., and what can be known by sound or voice.1112- بَابُ شَهَادَةِ النِّسَاءِ:(12) Chapter. The witness of women.1213- بَابُ شَهَادَةِ الإِمَاءِ وَالْعَبِيدِ:(13) Chapter. The witness of male and female slaves.1314- بَابُ شَهَادَةِ الْمُرْضِعَةِ:(14) Chapter. The witness of a wet nurse.1415- بَابُ تَعْدِيلِ النِّسَاءِ بَعْضِهِنَّ بَعْضًا:(15) Chapter. The women’s attesting the honourable record of each other.1516- بَابُ إِذَا زَكَّى رَجُلٌ رَجُلاً كَفَاهُ:(16) Chapter. If only one man attests the (good) conduct of another, then it is sufficient.1617- بَابُ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الإِطْنَابِ فِي الْمَدْحِ وَلْيَقُلْ مَا يَعْلَمُ:(17) Chapter. What is hated of exaggeration in praising, and one should say only what he knows.1718- بَابُ بُلُوغِ الصِّبْيَانِ وَشَهَادَتِهِمْ:(18) Chapter. The boys attaining the age of puberty and their validity of their witness.1819- بَابُ سُؤَالِ الْحَاكِمِ الْمُدَّعِيَ هَلْ لَكَ بَيِّنَةٌ قَبْلَ الْيَمِينِ:(19) Chapter. The question of the judge to the plaintiff, “Have you a proof?” before asking the defendant to take an oath.1920- بَابُ الْيَمِينُ عَلَى الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ، فِي الأَمْوَالِ وَالْحُدُودِ:(20) Chapter. The defendant must take an oath in matters concerning property or legal punishments.2021- بَابُ إِذَا ادَّعَى أَوْ قَذَفَ فَلَهُ أَنْ يَلْتَمِسَ الْبَيِّنَةَ، وَيَنْطَلِقَ لِطَلَبِ الْبَيِّنَةِ:(21) Chapter. If someone claims something or accuses somebody of illegal sexual intercourse, he should search for the proof and he is to be given respite to get evidence.2122- بَابُ الْيَمِينِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ:(22) Chapter. The taking of an oath after the Asr prayer.2223- بَابُ يَحْلِفُ الْمُدَّعَى عَلَيْهِ حَيْثُمَا وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْيَمِينُ، وَلاَ يُصْرَفُ مِنْ مَوْضِعٍ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ:(23) Chapter. The defendant has to take an oath wherever it becomes legally compulsory, and it is not imperative to take him from his place to another place (i.e., a sacred place like a mosque) for this purpose.2324- بَابُ إِذَا تَسَارَعَ قَوْمٌ فِي الْيَمِينِ:(24) Chapter. If (some people have to take an oath) and each of them wants to take it first.2425- بَابُ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ بِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ وَأَيْمَانِهِمْ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلاً}:(25) Chapter. The Statement of Allah: “Verily, those who purchase a small gain at the cost of Allah’s Covenant and their oaths.2526- بَابُ كَيْفَ يُسْتَحْلَفُ:(26) Chapter. How (and with what) to swear?2627- بَابُ مَنْ أَقَامَ الْبَيِّنَةَ بَعْدَ الْيَمِينِ:(27) Chapter. Whoever produces the proof after (the defendant) has taken the oath.2728- بَابُ مَنْ أَمَرَ بِإِنْجَازِ الْوَعْدِ:(28) Chapter. Whoever sees that promises should be fulfilled.2829- بَابُ لاَ يُسْأَلُ أَهْلُ الشِّرْكِ عَنِ الشَّهَادَةِ وَغَيْرِهَا:(29) Chapter. Al-Mushrikun (idolaters, polytheists, and pagans) should not be asked to give witness or the like (i.e., their witnesses are not acceptable).2930- بَابُ الْقُرْعَةِ فِي الْمُشْكِلاَتِ:(30) Chapter. Drawing lots to solve problems.

Opening leaves

First narrations

Bukhari · 2637مَنْ يَعْذِرُنَا فِي رَجُلٍ بَلَغَنِي أَذَاهُ فِي أَهْلِ بَيْتِي ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِي إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَلَقَدْ ذَكَرُوا رَجُلًا مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا خَيْرًاAbout the story of `Aisha and their narrations were similar attesting each other, when the liars said what they invented about `Aisha, and the Divine Inspiration was delayed, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent for `Ali and Usama11 narrators·parallel chainBukhari · 2638انْطَلَقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ يَؤُمَّانِ النَّخْلَ الَّتِي فِيهَا ابْنُ صَيَّادٍ ، حَتَّى إِذَا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) and Ubai bin Ka`b Al-Ansari went to the garden where Ibn Saiyad used to live. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) entered (the garden), he (i.e. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ) started hiding himself behind the date5 narratorsBukhari · 2639جَاءَتْ امْرَأَةُ رِفاعَةَ الْقُرَظِيِّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَتْ : كُنْتُ عِنْدَ رِفَاعَةَ فَطَلَّقَنِي ، فَأَبَتَّ طَلَاقِي ، فَتَزَوَّجْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ الزَّبِيرِ إِنَّمَا مَعThe wife of Rifa`a Al-Qurazi came to the Prophet (ﷺ) and said, "I was Rifa`a's wife, but he divorced me and it was a final irrevocable divorce. Then I married `Abdur-Rahman bin Az-Zubair but he is impotent." The Prophet 5 narratorsBukhari · 2640كَيْفَ وَقَدْ قِيلَ فَفَارَقَهَا وَنَكَحَتْ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ'Uqba married the daughter of Abu Ihab bin 'Aziz, and then a woman came and said, "I suckled 'Uqba and his wife." 'Uqba said to her, "I do not know that you have suckled me, and you did not inform me." He then sent someo5 narratorsBukhari · 2641إِنَّ أُنَاسًا كَانُوا يُؤْخَذُونَ بِالْوَحْيِ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَإِنَّ الْوَحْيَ قَدِ انْقَطَعَ ، وَإِنَّمَا نَأْخُذُكُمُ الْآنَ بِمَا ظَهَرَ لَنَا مِنْ أَعْمَالِكُمْ ، فَمَPeople were (sometimes) judged by the revealing of a Divine Inspiration during the lifetime of Allah's Apostle but now there is no longer any more (new revelation). Now we judge you by the deeds you practice publicly, so6 narrators·parallel chainBukhari · 2642مُرَّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِجَنَازَةٍ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهَا خَيْرًا ، فَقَالَ : وَجَبَتْ ، ثُمَّ مُرَّ بِأُخْرَى فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهَا شَرًّا أَوْ قَالَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ ، فَقَالَ : وَجَبَتْ ،A funeral procession passed in front of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the people praised the deceased. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "It has been affirmed (Paradise)." Then another funeral procession passed by and the people talked badly 4 narratorsBukhari · 2643أَيُّمَا مُسْلِمٍ شَهِدَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةٌ بِخَيْرٍ أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ الْجَنَّةَ ، قُلْنَا : وَثَلَاثَةٌ ، قَالَ : وَثَلَاثَةٌ ، قُلْتُ : وَاثْنَانِ ، قَالَ : وَاثْنَانِ ، ثُمَّ لَمْ نَسْأَلْهُ عَنِ الْوَاحِدِOnce I went to Medina where there was an outbreak of disease and the people were dying rapidly. I was sitting with `Umar and a funeral procession passed by. The people praised the deceased. `Umar said, "It has been affir5 narratorsBukhari · 2644اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَيَّ أَفْلَحُ ، فَلَمْ آذَنْ لَهُ ، فَقَالَ : أَتَحْتَجِبِينَ مِنِّي وَأَنَا عَمُّكِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : وَكَيْفَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ : أَرْضَعَتْكِ امْرَأَةُ أَخِي بِلَبَنِ أَخِي ، فَقَالَتْ : سَأَلْتُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ رَAflah asked the permission to visit me but I did not allow him. He said, "Do you veil yourself before me although I am your uncle?" `Aisha said, "How is that?" Aflah replied, "You were suckled by my brother's wife with m6 narratorsBukhari · 2645لَا تَحِلُّ لِي يَحْرُمُ مِنِ الرَّضَاعِ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنِ النَّسَبِ هِيَ بِنْتُ أَخِي مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِThe Prophet (ﷺ) said about Hamza's daughter, "I am not legally permitted to marry her, as foster relations are treated like blood relations (in marital affairs). She is the daughter of my foster brother."5 narratorsBukhari · 2646إِنَّ الرَّضَاعَةَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا يَحْرُمُ مِنَ الْوِلَادَةِThat `Aisha the wife of the Prophet (ﷺ) told her uncle that once, while the Prophet (ﷺ) was in her house, she heard a man asking Hafsa's permission to enter her house. `Aisha said, "I said, 'O Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)! I th5 narratorsBukhari · 2647انْظُرْنَ مَنْ إِخْوَانُكُنَّ ، فَإِنَّمَا الرَّضَاعَةُ مِنَ الْمَجَاعَةِOnce the Prophet (ﷺ) came to me while a man was in my house. He said, "O 'Aisha! Who is this (man)?" I replied, "My foster brothers" He said, "O 'Aisha! Be sure about your foster brothers, as fostership is only valid if 8 narrators·parallel chainBukhari · 2648أَنَّ امْرَأَةً سَرَقَتْ فِي غَزْوَةِ الْفَتْحِ ، فَأُتِيَ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهَا فَقُطِعَتْ يَدُهَا ، قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَحَسُنَتْ تَوْبَتُهَا وَتَزَوَّجَتْ ، وَA woman committed theft in the Ghazwa of the Conquest (of Mecca) and she was taken to the Prophet who ordered her hand to be cut off. `Aisha said, "Her repentance was perfect and she was married (later) and used to come 8 narrators·parallel chain